Suitability Analysis of Water Cultural Heritage Structures in Beijing Based on Analytic Hierarchy Process and Geographic Information Systems

As significant physical carriers of hydraulic science and technology, water cultural heritage (WCH) structures might exert positive effects on the economy, society, environment. However, it is challenging to develop a scientific conservation plan due lack comprehensive cognition value assessment criteria for vast majority WCH structures. In this study, analytic hierarchy process (AHP) geographic information systems (GIS) were introduced multidimensional evaluation system in Beijing based suitability perspective. This approach proposes strategy covering macro, meso, micro levels three aspects: value, spatial distribution, environmental resistance. The findings indicated that there are differences values among nine categories, royal gardens rivers suggested greater emphasis protection. Besides, distribution clustered, which can be categorized into four distinct agglomerative zones. Most sites found built-up land with low elevation gentle slopes, resulting high suitability. Lastly, we proposed framework “one centre, two wings, one area, multi-node” facilitate development effective policies by decision-makers.